Purpose and Meaning of Human Existence Essay

One of the incredible incongruities concerning Samuel Beckett’s Waiting for Godot is that one of the world’s most noteworthy plays is so inadequately comprehended. There are, no doubt, many clashing translations. Exact subjects or expectations have been hard to perceive from the play’s content. These interpretive challenges have been confused by the way that Beckett was frequently sly when gotten some information about the specific motivation behind specific characters in the play or the significance of the content. This isn't intended to propose that specific subjects and expectations can't be resolved, for there surely have all the earmarks of being sure topical examples, however rather to recommend that the play appears in specific manners to be available to various sorts of understandings. An audit of the insightful messages and articles, for example, uncovers scholastic contentions such that the play is about God, salvation, the French protection from German occupation in the chronicled period where the play was composed, the reason for human presence, and the good for nothing of time. With such an assortment of translations, upheld by explicit references to the play’s content and other chronicled conditions, it would appear to be about difficult to distinguish a general or bringing together topic. A cautious assessment of the play’s content, nonetheless, proposes that such a prevailing topical component can be found. The proposal of this paper, in this manner, is that the predominant topic in Waiting for Godot is the human being’s scan for reason and significance in a world that people either don't comprehend or can't comprehend. On the side of this theory, this paper will endeavor to blend the diverse basic understandings and show that the fundamental characters through their discourse on various subjects reliably outline the human mission for reason and importance in a world that appears to be miserably outside their ability to grasp. Basic Confusion and Multiple Interpretations: Harmonizing Different Perspectives As an underlying issue, before continuing to an assessment of the play’s content, it is helpful to introduce the basic disarray that has emerged from numerous understandings of the play. This is valuable on the grounds that even these various understandings can be orchestrated to some surviving if the genuinely prevailing topic of the play is supposed to be the human quest for reason and significance in a confounded or complex world. It is settled, for instance, that the play presents a progression of widespread inquiries; explicitly, as one scholastic has watched, â€Å"Waiting for Godot, from various perspectives, basically expands those vulnerabilities: Why are we here? Is it true that we are distant from everyone else in a coldblooded universe, or not? What are we to do while we are here? How might we know? What's more, eventually, what does it make a difference? â€Å"(Hutchings x) These kinds of inquiries, to an enormous surviving, rise above a significant number of the clashing understandings. On the off chance that Godot is God, as some have contended, at that point Vladimir and Estragon are hanging tight for God. They openly concede that they are not especially acquainted with Godot and this confirmation reflects and fortifies the way that these two people don't have an ideal information on the maker of their reality. In the event that Godot isn't God, as some have contended, at that point Vladimir and Estragon are maybe hanging tight for some sort of scholarly flash so as to disclose to them why they are pausing, regardless of whether they should leave, or whether it may be smarter to leave their spot by the tree and find a way to proceed to locate the secretive Godot. In either occasion, regardless of whether Godot speaks to God or a metaphorical sort of scholarly enlightenment, the center topic is one of two people who appear to be reliably incapable to figure out what to do. They take part in a progression of shallow discussions, they think about self destruction as a method of closure their disarray, and at long last they remain solidly planted on the nation street much as the tree where they hold up is immovably planted in the ground. Regardless of whether one is to accept, as certain researchers have, that the play is actually an aesthetic suggestion to the French obstruction or the beginning of the Cold War, this doesn't really subvert the idea that people are by one way or another caught inside a world or social conditions wherein they have little control or small understanding. The significant point, for motivations behind this paper’s theory, is that the clashing translations can be risen above in the event that one expect that the supernatural topic is one most explicitly identified with the human being’s scan for reason and importance in a befuddling physical world. Regardless of whether Vladimir and Estragon are hanging tight for God, a genuine individual, scholarly information on social conditions, or the laws of the universe is on a very basic level digressive to the way that they are defenseless in the conditions that Beckett has made. They are insignificant, weak, and aloof. The remainder of this paper consequently continues from the supposition that the clashing translations can be bound together by regarding the central topic as the quest for reason and importance throughout everyday life. This crucial subject will be talked about in the accompanying areas by alluding to explicit highlights of the play. Noteworthiness of Human Companionship: Pairs, Dependence, and Shared Searches One of the most significant basic highlights of the play is the way that people are depicted as being uncommonly reliant and unfit to exist in confinement or independently. This is generally apparent in the way that the play’s characters come two by two and appear from multiple points of view to be indivisible. The principle characters, for example, are Vladimir and Estragon. Doubtlessly they have shown up as a couple, they keep on holding up as a couple, and in spite of the fact that they never leave they do discuss leaving as a couple. They have various characters, they would seem to have various foundations given the various stories that they tell, but then they appear to be reluctant or unfit to isolate and head out in their own direction. This idea of human indivisibility, a typical dread or numbness about the significance of human presence, is especially clear when Vladimir and Estragon are talking about the torturous killing of Jesus Christ and the two cheats on the cross close to Jesus. In particular, the dread of being separated from everyone else and the accentuation of human friendship is given in the accompanying section VLADIMIR: Ah truly, the two cheats. Do you recollect the story? ESTRAGON: No. VLADIMIR: Shall I tell it to you? ESTRAGON: No. VLADIMIR: It’ll sit back. (Respite. ) Two hoodlums, executed simultaneously as our Savior. One†ESTRAGON: Our what? VLADIMIR: Our Savior. Two hoodlums. One should have been spared and the other . . . (he scans for the opposite of spared) . . . accursed (Becket n. p. ) This section outlines the requirement for human friendship and furthermore the requirement for people to rely upon one another. This friendship is important in light of the fact that individuals must face the vulnerabilities of the world and human presence together. The reliance is accordingly brought about by a dread that people will be not able to adapt to these vulnerabilities though people sharing these feelings of trepidation can at any rate go up against these vulnerabilities together. This regular bond, to put it plainly, encourages people to manage their disarray about the importance of human presence better than if they contemplated these inquiries alone. An assessment of the whole play reliably strengthens these thoughts of friendship and reliance. Later on in the play, for instance, Vladimir and Estragon are thinking about self destruction and the pair again develop worried that one will effectively end it all and the other will fizzle. The possibility that one of them will bite the dust and one will live is a startling idea for the two men since one will be unattended in death and the other will be unattended throughout everyday life. Once more, in light of the fact that the reason and the importance of human presence is obscure both throughout everyday life and in death, the pair will not separate or seek after any activity that may decimate their enthusiastic and physical securities. At another point in the play, Estragon expresses that â€Å"There are times when I wonder in the event that it wouldn’t be better for us to part† to which Vladimir reacts fairly unassumingly â€Å"You wouldn’t go far. † (Beckett n. p. ). The play couldn't exist as it was expected if the pair could possibly do isolate. The journey for reason and the importance of human presence is hence a typical human mission instead of an individual’s individual weight. These thoughts of human friendship and a mutual journey are much more capably gave the human matching of Pozzo and Lucky. In their first appearance, Lucky is a slave but then he inclines toward being a slave and being reliant to being liberated. Fortunate is mocked, he is known as a pig, but then he responds irately when somebody other than Pozzo endeavors to support him; all the more especially, he kicks Estragon in the shins. A telling scene in this regard is when Lucky seems to black out subsequent to moving and giving his fairly unintelligible discourse; all the more especially, Pozzo is profoundly frightful at the possibility of losing his slave when he says Don’t let him go! (Vladimir and Estragon totter. ) Don’t move! (Pozzo gets pack and bushel and brings them towards Lucky. ) Hold him tight! (He places the sack in Lucky’s hand. Fortunate drops it right away. ) Don’t let him go! (He returns the pack in Lucky’s hand. Continuously, at the vibe of the pack, Lucky recuperates his faculties and his fingers at last close round the handle. ) Hold him tight! (Beckett n. p. ) Even a human ace is reliant on his slave, the friendship of ace and slave is private on the grounds that both dread confronting the vulnerabilities of life alone, and like the bond that exists among Vladimir and Estragon, so too does an undeniable bond exist among Pozzo and Lucky. This bond is fortified in the second demonstration when Pozzo returns visually impaired and his neck is attached to a rope being held by Lucky. Pozzo

Credible Sources a Key to College Success free essay sample

Valid sources a key to school achievement College life can be really unpleasant and convolute it now and again. There are a few things that can help school life become simpler and progressively reasonable. One of the fundamental things and if not the most significant it will be the capacity to distinguish and isolate solid online sources from non-valid ones. Beyond any doubt innovation has help make school life simpler, with web indexes, for example, Google or Bing at only a single tick away of separation. The main issue is that with such a significant number of decisions to pick from how to tell if a source is even worth to take a gander at without consuming a lot of time taking a gander at every one through. Despite the fact that non-tenable sources are simpler to discover, valid sources are progressively dependable in light of the fact that they are normally composed by specialists and have increasingly generous data in them. In the event that we take a solid source like â€Å"Rising predominance of living together in United States may have incompletely counterbalanced decrease in marriage rates† from the Family Planning Perspectives and analyzed against a non-trustworthy sources like â€Å"Cohabitation in the United States† from Wikipedia, we can see that the article from the tenable source has the segments that help sort out a sound source from a non-believable. We will compose a custom article test on Dependable Sources a Key to College Success or then again any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The article â€Å"Rising pervasiveness of living together in United States may have in part counterbalanced decrease in marriage rates† from the Family Planning Perspectives has the fundamental things that you should glance in a trustworthy source. As a matter of first importance I found the article in the CINAHL with Full Text database from the library most well known database list. I ensured I utilized the Boolean word Cohabitation in USA and I limit the outcomes to just show full content and friend survey articles. The article is written in an expert way, additionally despite the fact that the article was composed 1990; it has genuinely late survey date of 2009. The data that the creator clarifies is upheld by numbers and insights that help bolster her data. A few subgroups, for example, living together couples, single-parent families, stepfamilies, love birds, blacks and Hispanics, were oversampled. Inquiries addresses underscored dwelling together and the connections among living together and marriage. The last example comprised of 6,881 wedded couples and 682 living together couples; of these, 5,648 companions and 519 living together accomplices finished polls (Vol. 22, Issue 2). When all is said in done most articles found in the library database re dependable, the main thing that is acceptable to search for is if there is any predispositions in the article or reasons why the writer may get inclination, on account of the writer of this article Rebecca Turner is graduated it from the Southend University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Essex, UK, which for this situation serves to her validity as a writer. Then again the article that I found in Wikipedia â€Å"Cohabitation in the United States† isn't viewed as a dependable source . The fundamental explanation behind this is on the grounds that is a Wiki and furthermore in light of the fact that I found the article in Google’s web index. Wiki’s by and large can be a decent method to begin an exploration yet they ought not be utilized as an essential source to help a paper, wikis are open source which implies that anybody can endeavor to make changes or adjust the data that is depicted there, which mean one article can contain data from various individuals that have never met one another. Additionally a portion of the data doesn't sound extremely expert and need references. It ought to be noticed this model refers to precursor dread concerning responsibility as the reason for expanded separations and living together just as a marker of such worry. Another clarification is that the individuals who decide not to live together before marriage are regularly progressively preservationist in their strict perspectives and may hold increasingly customary perspectives on sex jobs, a mentality that may keep them from separating for strict reasons or going up against emergency seeing someone in spite of encountering conjugal issues no less serious than those experienced by previous companions. reference needed] The way that a reference is required in that section ought to be sufficient proof to demonstrate that wiki’s all in all are not dependable wellsprings of data. All together for school life to be effective, an understudy ought to figure out how to tell the contrasts between a dependable wellspring of online data and a non-solid one. Despite the fact that the articles in the library databases are more dependable than the ones found in Google, an understudy ought to consistently be keeping watch and get however much data about the article and the writer as could be expected, this would enable the paper to turn into a triumph. Work Cited Cohabitation in the United States. Wikipedia, 17 Sept. 2012. Web. 1 Oct. 2012. Turner, R. â€Å"Rising Prevalence of Cohabitation In United States May have Partially Offset Decline in Marriage Rates. † Family Planning Perspectives 22. 2 (1990): 90-91. CINAHL with Full Text. Web. 1 Oct. 2012

The Stress of Your Expectations vs. Reality

The Stress of Your Expectations vs. Reality Happiness Print The Expectations vs. Reality Trap Are you being robbed of your happiness? By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of 8 Keys to Stress Management. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Scott, MS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on March 05, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on May 30, 2019 More in Self-Improvement Happiness Meditation Stress Management Spirituality Holistic Health Inspiration Brain Health Technology Relationships View All Despite what your common sense may tell you, research shows that people are surprisingly inept at predicting how we will feel in various situations. For example, one study found that newlywed couples tended to estimate that their happiness levels would rise (or at least stay the same) over the four-year-period after marriage. In reality, their levels of happiness tended to diminish over that time period. Other studies have found that lottery winners happiness levels tend to reduce to pre-winning days (or sometimes even below).  In fact, while we believe that the ideal job, perfect relationship, or stellar bank account will change our happiness levels permanently, they may only give us a temporary boost of joyâ€"it is surprisingly short-lived. It seems that our expectations can confuse us into thinking that our goals will bring us much more than they actually do, so we often pursue the wrong goals.? Verywell / Kelly Miller   Expectations vs. Reality A problem with expectations was made famous by the Charles Dickens novel,  Great Expectations. The main character, Pip, inherits money from a secret benefactor. He views this fortune as a stepping stone to marrying the girl of his dreams. When he ultimately learned that the money was not necessarily part of that larger plan, he realized that he had taken for granted so many important relationships and gifts in his life. His expectations had robbed him of fully appreciating his reality. Research Research backs up this idea that we may not fully appreciate what we have when we are expecting more or comparing what we have to what we  could  have. One study found that participants who were exposed to a subliminal reminder of wealth spent less time savoring a chocolate bar and exhibited less enjoyment of the experience that other subjects  who werent reminded of wealth.   This is an interesting study that can remind us all to try to savor our chocolate (and lives) more, and perhaps to try not to remind ourselves of what we dont have. This study can also remind us, however, of how easy it is to let our thoughts color our enjoyment of what we actually have. How many times have we focused so much on something we wanted that we didnt truly savor what we had? How often might our expectations for great things make us feel like what we have isnt really that great (when there are many people who have less)? Expectations vs. Reality Finally, our expectations can get the better of us when we expect more than what is realistic in a given situation. We might expect our partners to live up to what we see in romance films, our jobs to be idealized versions we had as children, or even our lives to match up to what we see on Instagram. Our expectations can create significant stress when they dont match up to reality. Also consider how social media can greatly contribute to this: we compare our own worst moments (those not deemed to be shareable online) to others best moments, which very often are filtered to seem perfect. We may not even realize this mismatched comparison. Our expectations for our lives may be unrealistic and skewed based on what we think others have. Our perspective of what others have is limited; they do not have the lives we perceive. This may be part of why those who spend more time on social media tend to be less happy. Building Awareness Its important to take a deeper look into how your expectations stack up to reality (and how your mood is affected because of this). Here are some healthy ways to start. When you go into a new situation, ask yourself what you expect to happen.  Ask yourself if your expectations should be this way. Where did these expectations come from and are they realistic?When you feel disappointed, try to think about whether it was realistic to expect what you were hoping for. (If so, make a plan for getting what you want next time. If not, think about managing your expectations and how to do this.) Managing Expectations If youd like to get out of the expectations vs. reality trap, it all comes down to awareness. Becoming aware of what you are expecting is a great start. Becoming aware of what you should be expecting is also a wise idea. When you find that what is happening is not what you expected, actively look for the positives in what you have. You may find that once you get over the disappointment, you have something you didnt initially realize you wanted. This helps you to be more appreciative of what you have. When you see others posts on social media and decide that you want what you see, remind yourself that this may not be reality. Its great to know what direction you want things to go in, but dont forget that what you see isnt necessarily what others are actually living. You may be overestimating how happy you would be once you have what you think you want. For instance, if you work a job you hate to save enough to buy an expensive car or nice clothes, you may find that your happiness is not very long-lasting. Truly savor what you have. Its okay to want more, but you can enjoy life so much more if you appreciate what you already have. Savoring what you have is a great way to expand the joy you experience in life. Dont beat yourself up for feeling disappointment; however, try comparing yourself to others who have less, not more. Or better yet, try not to compare yourself to others in general. The only person you should be competing with is you. A Word From Verywell Ultimately, striving for more can lead you to work your hardest and do your best. At the same time, it can also rob you of joy, especially when you expect things to come more easily than they do or in a different way. Becoming more aware of your expectations and how they change your feelings toward your own reality can free you from disappointment and stress that comes from unrealistic expectations. Why Arent You Happier?

Immigrants Coming to America - 867 Words

In the late 1800’s and early 1900’s many immigrants came to the United States for a better way of life. I chose this particular question because I am first generation American. My parents were born in Sicily; my great grandparents came to the United States in the early 1900’s. My grandmother was born in the United States 1904, although she was born in America her parents did not choose to remain in the United States. Longing for their home land my great grandparents moved the family back to Sicily when my grandmother was only several months old. In the early 1950’s my grandmother who was born in the United States left Sicily with her husband and three grown children. The migration of foreigners to the United States has been one of the most powerful forces shaping American history this was especially true between 1860 and 1920. (American A Narrative History, Pg. 827). When immigrants traveled to the new land it was an arduous journey. Arriving in large cities often without their families or understanding the language was difficult. Many came from eastern and southern Europe such as the Irish, Germans, Italians and Polish. Immigrants came to America with hopes and dreams of prosperity, freedom of religion, freedom from fascism and dictatorship with the possibility of wealth and security. Many if not all of the immigrants encountered the complete opposite. Hard labor, poor living condition, low wages and illnesses were the problems often faced by theShow MoreRelatedAn Influx Of New Immigrants914 Words   |  4 Pagesof new immigrants came to America. A majority of these new immigrants came from southern and eastern Europe, as opposed to the northwestern Europeans who came in abundance before them. Between 1820 and 1920, less immigrants with northwestern European origins were coming to America and an increase of immigrants from southeastern Europe, countries in North America, Asia, and Latin America. 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The Czech Republic As We Know It - 5172 Words

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Czech Republic 40 2.2. Hungary 40 2.3. Poland 41 3. FOODSERVICE MARKET SHARE 41 3.1. Czech Republic 41 3.2. Hungary 42 3.3. Poland 43 4. FORECASTED GROWTH 44 4.1. Czech Republic 44 4.2. Hungary 44 4.3. Poland 45 5. SUMMARY TABLE (PERIOD: BETWEEN 2002 AND 2004) 45 MARKETING STRATEGY 47 1Read MorePersonality Predictors Of Successful Development : Toddler Temperament And Adolescent Personality Traits914 Words   |  4 Pagesones’ personality affects his/her satisfaction with their quality of life in adulthood. They believe that personality traits play a major role in who/what you become in the future and they wanted to see if they could predict it. If yes, they wanted to know how early? – As early as childhood, adolescence or early adulthood. 2b) The authors provided the reader a lot of information on the topic. Each topic was very well explored. A lot of different information on different but similar studies. The authors

Sociological Approach to the Study of Religion Free Essays

Outline and assess one of the main approaches to the study of religions. Religion and ‘The Study of Religions’ has many approaches which try to investigate the core of what religion is and what it means to the people who practice it. Sociology is one such approach that this essay will be looking at through its founding fathers Emile Durkheim, Max Weber and Karl Marx. We will write a custom essay sample on Sociological Approach to the Study of Religion or any similar topic only for you Order Now Sociology in general looks at people’s dynamics and explains a group’s influence. It demonstrates how religious belief and practices have become so important over time and emphasises their role and significance throughout. Each of these three sociologists has a link to these ideas which will be the main thesis in this essay. Emile Durkheim looks at religion from a functionalist perspective in the sense that he assumes that religion has a positive role in society, as it acts as an important socialisation process for all members. The theory is largely based on the Arunta tribe in Australia, where he discovered objects worshipped which he calls ‘totems. ’ These totems according to him were an important factor in the society; seeing that the objects became a symbol of the group’s identity and unity. These objects he claims are â€Å"collective representation† (Fish, Jonathan S. 2005: 30) as they have reinforced the importance of integration into the community via the worshipped objects. The worshipped object have an emotional significance to them as the â€Å"totems serve as evocative device for reminding individuals of their initial feelings long after the assemblies† (Fish, Jonathan S. 2005:51) therefore evidently it becomes more about the idea and symbolism of the object rather than the object itself that unites all. Thus making the idea of rituals of greater significance as it generally binds people together which for Durkheim is always a positive thing. On the other hand, Durkheim does not offer a real explanation on why some deviate from such society’s e. g. Islamic fundamentalists such as the Taliban. Perhaps his theory generally works on a tribal base rather than bigger societies, where conflicts and divides are more common; in a smaller community less people are likely to go against the status quo. Moreover, to say that religion only plays a positive role is absurd. How can one explain the atrocities that occur on the name of religion for instance? For this reason I find Durkheim’s theory limiting as it does not look at all aspects of religion or religious life but merely draws a quick conclusion to it. Also according to this perspective religion instils the same norms and values for everyone, making it a regulatory function in society. Religion for Marx then becomes a form of social control which provides guidelines through religious texts e. g. 10 commandments. These norms which are shared gives people the opportunity to unite to what may be seen as morally incorrect or sinful. This can be vital in a society as it can allow social stability. Durkheim argument is plausible as there has been a significant rise in New Religious Movements. This evidently shows that people still require religion in their life. Moreover, the recent increase on religious fundamentalists can be a point that strengthens Durkheim argument as it can be evidence for people being threatened by a weakening society. Karl Marx similar to Durkheim starts with the assumption that religion is in fact a product of society. Importantly, however, he disagrees with Durkheim as he does not see religion as beneficial for the whole of society but argues it benefits only the ruling class or what he calls the ‘bourgeoisie’. Religion, according to Marx only transmits bourgeoisie ideologies to convince the working class or ‘proletariats’ that inequality is natural and fair phenomena in the world. Making religion as a whole a â€Å"collective smoke-screen† (Connolly, P. 1999:100) as it distorts reality which gives explanation for inequality as being of religious significance i. e. sin. For Marx this is the core idea behind religion making it a tool for oppression and a form of social control. Religion is claimed to be the â€Å"opium of the people† (Hamilton, Malcolm B 2001:81), making it a drug which is used by people as an illusion to hide or cover up the real causes of suffering, which for Marx is primarily capitalism. Capitalism covers up religion and manages to help the bourgeoisie greatly, as it becomes a â€Å"comforting illusion† (Hamilton, Malcolm B 2001:80) as the proletariats do not question the status quo due to their belief in getting a greater reward in the afterlife. Religion itself is used to justify hierarchy in the world, a verse in a hymn such as the following are used, â€Å"the rich man in his castle, the poor man at his gate, god made them. Highly or lowly, and ordered their state†. This stresses Marx’s point that as it’s believed to be sanctioned by God it is unlikely to be challenged by anyone. The Marxists perspective generally makes many valid arguments which society can relate to even today. The idea of caste system is still relevant in many Hindu traditions (although generally frowned upon). Buddhism has the idea of karma meaning if you are a poor person in this life then it’s to do with your own bad karma in the previous life. Therefore Marxism is correct in this aspect, that religion is used in order to justify inequality. Another key piece of evidence for the Marxists perspective is the fact that the Catholic Church is arguably allowing the spread of aids due to its stance against contraception. As a result of this, there is a continuation of social deprivation especially in Africa which further illustrates that religion is generally used to keep social inequality. Marxism disagrees that religion can bring about social change, this, however can be disputed. This is mainly due to the fact religious leaders have challenged the status quo in order to bring about change in their societies. Two main examples being Father Camillo Torres Restrepo and Martin Luther King whose works brought about a vast amount of change to Colombia and America respectively. Evidently this contrasts to the Marxists view as it shows that religion can in fact bring about social change and consequently allow for equality. Personally, I feel that the Marxists view limits human nature as it assumes they will simply follow rather than stand up to injustice. More importantly sociology in general claims to work in an objective and scientific way but I cannot see how it is possible with Marxists ideas such as on the religion being a drug and comforting as these ideas are impossible to measure. Max Weber is regarded as a social action theorist due to his claim that religion can shape and define society. He argues that religion can indeed bring about social change; he bases his argument on a Christian group named the Calvinists whom according to him brought about a form of western capitalism. This form of â€Å"ascetic Protestantism† (Johnstone, Ronald L. 2004:196) allows for the growth of capitalism because of their belief on disciplined hard work which to them emphasised the Glory of God. This â€Å"spirit of capitalism† (Furseth, Inger and Pal Repstad 2006:36) did not allow for the accumulation of wealth but actually encouraged reinvestment back into the society according to Weber. The so called Protestant ethics approach leads him to believe that this led to social change as society turned to mass producing mechanised industries. Another way the Calvinist were able to bring about social change, was thorough the apprehension people had. Calvinists believed in predestination which led to the belief that having a good business or being successful could have indicated that you were one of God’s chosen people. This gives the perception that people were competing over heaven and failure was not an option for people. However, Weber does not limit the growth of capitalism to the Calvinist alone as he is aware of other factors. Weber’s argument must be treated with a degree of caution. Evidence suggests that Protestant nations were not always capitalistic and vice versa. Also many believe that Catholic countries were already flourishing before the breakaway from Catholicism occurred. The study of Religions deal with many wide and opposing issues some of which have been covered in this essay through the works of Durkheim, Marx and Weber. Although, each sociologist does give a good account of explaining the dynamics within a religious group but with each case a very simplistic and generalised view was given by the sociologist about religion. It is plausible to argue that religion brings people together through rituals but is it not a natural thing for people to unite whilst doing something together? In this view then perhaps anything can be said to have religious significance as long as it brings people together. Additionally, the idea of a greater reward in the afterlife is not the only justification given about inequality. In the greater sense inequality within religion can be about anything from the roles of men and women to dress code. Therefore once again this idea has been limited to it being about capitalism. Religion is said to be able to bring about social change which arguably is a factor but for it to be the only thing is for me far fetched. It is an inherent thing for people to fight when they are being wronged. It is about something within rather than it being about religion. How to cite Sociological Approach to the Study of Religion, Essay examples

The Debate On Birth Control Essay Example For Students

The Debate On Birth Control Essay What is the best method of birth control (or contraception)? All women and men should have control over if and when they become parents. Making decisions about birth control, or contraception, is not easy there are many things to think about. Learning about birth control methods you or your partner can use to prevent pregnancy and talking with your health care provider are two good ways to get started. There is no best method of birth control. Each method has its own pros and cons. Some methods work better than others do at preventing pregnancy. Researchers are always working to develop or improve birth control methods. The birth control method you choose should take into account: your overall health; how often you have sex; the number of sexual partners you have; if you want to have children; how well each method works (or is effective) in preventing pregnancy; any potential side effects; and your comfort level with using the method. Bear in mind that NO method of birth control prevents pregnancy all of the time. Birth control methods can fail. But you can greatly increase a methods success rate by using it correctly all of the time. We will write a custom essay on The Debate On Birth Control specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The only way to be sure you never get pregnant is to not have sex (abstinence). What are the different birth control methods that I can use? There are many methods of birth control that a woman can use. Talk with your health care provider to help you figure out what method is best for you. You can always try one method and if you do not like it, you can try another one. Keep in mind that most birth control does NOT protect you from HIV or other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) like gonorrhea, herpes, and chlamydia. Other than not having sex, the best protection against STDs and HIV is the male latex condom. The female condom may give some STD protection. Other birth control methods that involve using a spermicide (a cream or jelly that kills sperm) also may give some protection against chlamydia and gonorrhea. Dont forget that all of the methods we talk about below work best if used correctly. Be sure you know the correct way to use them. Talk with your health care provider and dont feel embarrassed about talking with her or him again if you forget or dont understand. Know that learning how to use some birth control methods can take time and practice. Sometimes health care providers do not explain how to use a method because they may think you already know how. For example, some people do not know that you can put on a male condom inside out. Also, not everyone knows that you need to leave a reservoir or space at the tip of the condom for the sperm and fluid when a man ejaculates, or has an orgasm. The more you know about the correct way to use birth control, the more control you will have over deciding if and when you want to become pregnant. Here is a list of birth control methods with estimates of effectiveness, or how well they work in preventing pregnancy when used correctly, for each method: Continuous Abstinence -This means not having sexual intercourse at any time. It is the only sure way to prevent pregnancy. This method is 100% effective at preventing pregnancy. Periodic Abstinence or Fertility Awareness Methods A woman who has a regular menstrual cycle has about nine or more fertile days, or days when she is able to get pregnant, each month. Periodic abstinence means you do not have sex on the days that you may be fertile. Fertility awareness means that you can be abstinent or have sex but you use a barrier method of birth control to keep sperm from getting to the egg. Barrier methods include condoms, diaphragms, or cervical caps, used together with spermicides, which kill sperm. These methods are 75 to 99% effective at preventing pregnancy. Keep in mind that to practice these methods, you need to learn about your menstrual cycle (or how often you get your period). You keep a written record of when you get your period, what it is like (heavy or light blood flow), and how you feel (sore breasts, cramps). You also check your cervical mucus and take your basal body temperature daily, and record these in a chart. This is how you learn to predict, or tell, which days you are fertile or unsafe. You can ask your health care provider for more information on how to record and understand this information. The Male Condom Condoms are called barrier methods of birth control because they put up a block, or barrier, which keeps the sperm from reaching the egg. Only latex or polyurethane (because some people are allergic to latex) condoms are proven to help protect against STDs, including HIV. Natural or lambskin condoms made from animal products also are available. But lambskin condoms are not recommended for STD prevention because they have tiny pores that may allow for the passage of viruses like HIV, hepatitis B and herpes. Male condoms are 86 to 98% effective at preventing pregnancy. Condoms can only be used once. You can buy them at a drug store. Condoms come lubricated (which can make sexual intercourse more comfortable and pleasurable) and non-lubricated (which can also be used for oral sex). It is best to use lubrication with non-lubricated condoms if you use them for vaginal or anal sex. You can use KY jelly or water-based lubricants, which you can buy at a drug store. Oil-based lubricants like massage oils, baby oil, lotions, or petroleum jelly will weaken the condom, causing it to tear or break. Always keep condoms in a cool, dry place. If you keep them in a hot place (like a billfold, wallet, or glove compartment), the latex breaks down, causing the condom to tear or break. Oral Contraceptives Also called the pill, it contains the hormones estrogen and progestin. A pill is taken daily to block the release of eggs from the ovaries. It also lightens the flow of your period and protects against pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), ovarian cancer, and endometrial cancer. It does not protect against STDs or HIV. The pill may add to your risk of heart disease, including high blood pressure, blood clots, and blockage of the arteries. If you are over age 35 and smoke, or have a history of blood clots or breast or endometrial cancer, your health care provider may advise you not to take the pill. .u420bce2fd0b37e52abe4f43bcda4863c , .u420bce2fd0b37e52abe4f43bcda4863c .postImageUrl , .u420bce2fd0b37e52abe4f43bcda4863c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u420bce2fd0b37e52abe4f43bcda4863c , .u420bce2fd0b37e52abe4f43bcda4863c:hover , .u420bce2fd0b37e52abe4f43bcda4863c:visited , .u420bce2fd0b37e52abe4f43bcda4863c:active { border:0!important; } .u420bce2fd0b37e52abe4f43bcda4863c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u420bce2fd0b37e52abe4f43bcda4863c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u420bce2fd0b37e52abe4f43bcda4863c:active , .u420bce2fd0b37e52abe4f43bcda4863c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u420bce2fd0b37e52abe4f43bcda4863c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u420bce2fd0b37e52abe4f43bcda4863c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u420bce2fd0b37e52abe4f43bcda4863c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u420bce2fd0b37e52abe4f43bcda4863c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u420bce2fd0b37e52abe4f43bcda4863c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u420bce2fd0b37e52abe4f43bcda4863c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u420bce2fd0b37e52abe4f43bcda4863c .u420bce2fd0b37e52abe4f43bcda4863c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u420bce2fd0b37e52abe4f43bcda4863c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Suicide of Vietnam Veterans Essay The pill is 95 to 99.9% effective at preventing pregnancy if used correctly. You will need a prescription and visits with your health care provider to make sure you are not having problems. The Mini-Pill Unlike the pill, the mini-pill only has one hormone, progestin, instead of both estrogen and progestin. Taken daily, the mini-pill reduces and thickens cervical mucus to prevent sperm from reaching the egg. It also prevents a fertilized egg from implanting in the uterus (womb). The mini-pill also can decrease the flow of your period and protect against PID and ovarian and endometrial cancer. Mothers who breastfeed can use it because it will not affect their milk supply. The mini-pill is a good option for women who cant take estrogen or for women who have a risk of blood clots. The mini-pill does not protect against STDs or HIV. Mini-pills are 95 to 99.9% effective at preventing pregnancy if used correctly. You will need a prescription and visits with your health care provider to make sure you are not having problems. Copper T IUD (Intrauterine Device) An IUD is a small device that is shaped in the form of a T. Your health care provider places it inside the uterus. The arms of the Copper T IUD contain some copper, which stops fertilization by preventing sperm from making their way up through the uterus into the fallopian tubes. If fertilization does occur, the IUD would prevent the fertilized egg from implanting in the lining of the uterus. The Copper T IUD can stay in your uterus for up to 10 years. It does not protect against STDs or HIV. This IUD is 99% effective at preventing pregnancy. Requires visits with your health care provider to have it inserted and to make sure you are not having any problems. Not all health care providers insert IUDs. Progestasert IUD (Intrauterine Device) -This IUD is a small plastic T- shaped device that is placed inside the uterus by a health care provider. It contains the hormone progesterone, the same hormone produced by a womans ovaries during the monthly menstrual cycle. The progesterone causes the cervical mucus to thicken so sperm cannot reach the egg, and so that a fertilized egg cannot successfully implant into the lining of the uterus. The Progestasert IUD can stay in your uterus for one year. This IUD is 98% effective at preventing pregnancy. Requires visits with your health care provider to have it inserted and to make sure you are not having any problems. Not all health care providers insert IUDs. Intrauterine System or IUS (Mirena) The IUS is a small T-shaped device like the IUD and is placed inside the uterus by a health care provider. It releases a small amount of a hormone each day to keep you from getting pregnant. The IUS stays in your uterus for up to five years. It does not protect against STDs or HIV. The IUS is 99% effective. The Food and Drug Administration approved this method in December 2000. Requires visits with your health care provider to make sure you are not having any problems. Not all health care providers insert the IUS. The Female Condom Worn by the woman, this barrier method keeps sperm from getting into her body. It is made of polyurethane, is packaged with a lubricant, and may protect against STDs, including HIV. It can be inserted up to 8 hours prior to sexual intercourse. Female condoms are 79 to 95% effective at preventing pregnancy. There is only one kind of female condom and its brand name is Reality. Purchase at a drug store. Implant (Norplant and Norplant 2) This product was taken off the market in July 2002. If you are using the Norplant system, you should contact your health care provider about what your contraceptive options will be after the five year expiration date of your Norplant system. Norplant consists of small stick-like devices, or rods, that are placed under the skin. The rods release a very low, steady level of a steroid that prevents pregnancy for up to five years. However, the rods can be taken out at any time and you then can become pregnant. This method is 99.9% effective at preventing pregnancy. It does not protect against STDs or HIV. Requires visits with your health care provider to make sure you are not having any problems. Depo-Provera With this method women get injections, or shots, of the hormone progestin in the buttocks or arm every three months. It does not protect against STDs or HIV. It is 99.7% effective at preventing pregnancy. Requires visits with your health care provider to make sure you are not having any problems. Prolonged use of the drug may result in significant loss of bone density. This bone loss is greater the longer the drug is used. Women should only use Depo-Provera Contraceptive Injection as a long-term birth control method (longer than two years) if other birth control methods are inadequate. Diaphragm or Cervical Cap These are barrier methods of birth control, where the sperm are blocked from reaching the egg. The diaphragm is shaped like a shallow latex cup. The cervical cap is a thimble-shaped latex cup. Both come in different sizes and you need a health care provider to fit you for one. Before sexual intercourse, you use them with spermicide (to block or kill sperm) and place them up inside your vagina to cover your cervix (the opening to your womb). You can buy spermicide gel or foam at a drug store. Spermicide will also help protect you from the STDs gonorrhea and chlamydia if they have nonoxynol-9 in them. Some women can be sensitive to nonoxynol-9 and need to use spermicides that do not contain it. The diaphragm is 80 to 94% effective at preventing pregnancy. The cervical cap is 80 to 90% effective at preventing pregnancy for women who have not had a child, and 60 to 80% for women who have had a child. Requires a visit with your health care provider for proper fitting. The Patch (Ortho Evra) -This is a skin patch worn on the lower abdomen, buttocks, or upper body. It releases the hormones progestin and estrogen into the bloodstream. You put on a new patch once a week for three weeks, then do not wear a patch during the fourth week in order to have a menstrual period. The patch is 99% effective at preventing pregnancy, but appears to be less effective in women who weigh more than 198 pounds. It does not protect against STDs or HIV. .u4706524de1a527e4be323bc7a2b8bb21 , .u4706524de1a527e4be323bc7a2b8bb21 .postImageUrl , .u4706524de1a527e4be323bc7a2b8bb21 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4706524de1a527e4be323bc7a2b8bb21 , .u4706524de1a527e4be323bc7a2b8bb21:hover , .u4706524de1a527e4be323bc7a2b8bb21:visited , .u4706524de1a527e4be323bc7a2b8bb21:active { border:0!important; } .u4706524de1a527e4be323bc7a2b8bb21 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4706524de1a527e4be323bc7a2b8bb21 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4706524de1a527e4be323bc7a2b8bb21:active , .u4706524de1a527e4be323bc7a2b8bb21:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4706524de1a527e4be323bc7a2b8bb21 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4706524de1a527e4be323bc7a2b8bb21 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4706524de1a527e4be323bc7a2b8bb21 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4706524de1a527e4be323bc7a2b8bb21 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4706524de1a527e4be323bc7a2b8bb21:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4706524de1a527e4be323bc7a2b8bb21 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4706524de1a527e4be323bc7a2b8bb21 .u4706524de1a527e4be323bc7a2b8bb21-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4706524de1a527e4be323bc7a2b8bb21:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Pearl harbor Essay The Food and Drug Administration approved this method in 2001. You will need to visit your health care provider for a prescription and to make sure you are not having problems. The Hormonal Vaginal Contraceptive Ring (NuvaRing) The NuvaRing is a ring that releases the hormones progestin and estrogen. You squeeze the ring between your thumb and index finger and insert it into your vagina. You wear the ring for three weeks, take it out for the week that you have your period, and then put in a new ring. The ring is 98 to 99% effective at preventing pregnancy. The Food and Drug Administration approved this method in 2001. You will need to visit your health care provider for a prescription and to make sure you are not having problems. Surgical Sterilization (Tubal Ligation or Vasectomy) These surgical methods are meant for people who want a permanent method of birth control. In other words, they never want to have a child or they do not want more children. Tubal ligation or tying tubes is done on the woman to stop eggs from going down to her uterus where they can be fertilized. The man has a vasectomy to keep sperm from going to his penis, so his ejaculate never has any sperm in it. They are 99 to 99.5% effective at preventing pregnancy. Nonsurgical Sterilization (Essure Permanent Birth Control System) This is the first non-surgical method of sterilizing women and was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in November 2002. A thin tube is used to thread a tiny spring-like device through the vagina and uterus into each fallopian tube. Flexible coils temporarily anchor it inside the fallopian tube. A Dacron-like mesh material embedded in the coils irritates the fallopian tubes lining to cause scar tissue to grow and eventually permanently plug the tubes. It can take about three months for the scar tissue to grow, so it is important to use another form of birth control during this time. Then you will have to return to your health care provider for a test to see if scar tissue has fully blocked your tubes. In studies of more than 600 women, followed for a year, there so far have been no pregnancies in those whose Essure devices were implanted successfully. Emergency Contraception This is NOT a regular method of birth control and should never be used as one. Emergency contraception, or emergency birth control, is used to keep a woman from getting pregnant when she has had unprotected vaginal intercourse. Unprotected can mean that no method of birth control was used. It can also mean that a birth control method was used but did not work like a condom breaking. Or, a woman may have forgotten to take her birth control pills, or may have been abused or forced to have sex when she did not want to. Emergency contraception consists of taking two doses of hormonal pills taken 12 hours apart and started within three days after having unprotected sex. These are sometimes wrongly called the morning after pill. The pills are 75 to 89% effective at preventing pregnancy. Another type of emergency contraception is having the Copper T IUD put into your uterus within seven days of unprotected sex. This method is 99.9% effective at preventing pregnancy. Neither method of emergency contraception protects against STDs or HIV. You will need to visit your health care provider for either a prescription for the pills or for the insertion of the IUD, and to make sure you are not having problems. Are there any foams or gels that I can use to keep from getting pregnant? You can purchase what are called spermicides in drug stores. They work by killing sperm and come in several forms foam, gel, cream, film, suppository, or tablet. They are inserted or placed in the vagina no more than one hour before intercourse and left in place at least six to eight hours after. You may protect yourself more against getting pregnant if you use a spermicide with a male condom, diaphragm, or cervical cap. There are spermicidal products made specifically for use with the diaphragm and cervical cap. Check the package to make sure you are buying what you want. All spermicides have sperm-killing chemicals in them. Some spermicides also have an ingredient called nonoxynol-9, which can protect you from the STDs gonorrhea and chlamydia. Nonoxynol-9 will not protect you from HIV. Some women are sensitive to nonoxynol-9 and need to use spermicides without it. Spermicides alone are about 74% effective at preventing pregnancy. How effective is withdrawal as a birth control method? Withdrawal is not the most effective birth control method. It works much better when a male condom is used. Withdrawal refers to when a man takes his penis out of a womans vagina (or pulls out) before he ejaculates, or has an orgasm. This stops the sperm from going to the egg. Pulling out can be hard for a man to do and it takes a lot of self-control. When you use withdrawal, you can also be at risk for getting pregnant BEFORE the man pulls out. When a mans penis first becomes erect, there can be fluid (called pre-ejaculate fluid) on the tip of the penis that has sperm in it. This sperm can get a woman pregnant. Withdrawal also does not protect you from STDs or HIV. Everyone I know is on the pill. Is it safe? Todays pills have lower doses of hormones than earlier birth control pills. This has greatly lowered the risk of side effects. However, there are both benefits and risks with taking birth control pills. Benefits include having more regular and lighter periods, fewer menstrual cramps; and a lower risk for ovarian and endometrial cancer, and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Serious side effects include an increased chance, for some women, of developing heart disease and high blood pressure. Minor side effects include nausea, headaches, sore breasts, weight gain, irregular bleeding and depression. Many of these side effects go away after taking the pill for a few months. Women who smoke, are over age 35, or have a history of blood clots or breast or endometrial cancer are more at risk for dangerous side effects and may not be able to take the pill. Talk with your health care provider about whether the pill is right for you.